{"id":540,"date":"2013-09-06T07:55:45","date_gmt":"2013-09-06T07:55:45","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/?p=540"},"modified":"2025-02-02T09:46:57","modified_gmt":"2025-02-02T09:46:57","slug":"6-techniques-de-gravure","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/6-techniques-de-gravure\/","title":{"rendered":"6-TECHNIQUES DE GRAVURE"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Lorsqu&rsquo;on s&rsquo;int\u00e9resse aux gravures rupestres, il est impossible d&rsquo;\u00e9luder la question des techniques de gravure, qui conditionne leur qualit\u00e9, et \u00e9ventuellement leur datation.<\/p>\n<p>Il y a un r\u00e9el embarras qui se traduit par une floraison de termes, de noms d&rsquo;outils et de techniques .<\/p>\n<p>Deux attitudes dominent: soit l&rsquo;explication h\u00e2tive: en g\u00e9n\u00e9ral on fait r\u00e9f\u00e9rence \u00e0 un martelage r\u00e9alis\u00e9 \u00e0 l&rsquo;aide d&rsquo;une pierre dure; soit une hypoth\u00e8se aussi complexe et irr\u00e9aliste que possible cens\u00e9e d\u00e9montrer l&rsquo;intensit\u00e9 de la r\u00e9flexion et la puissance de l&rsquo;analyse&#8230;tout ceci est cens\u00e9 calmer la faim du lecteur.<\/p>\n<p>Il est vraisemblable que de nombreux auteurs n&rsquo;ont jamais tent\u00e9 de r\u00e9aliser une trace rupestre \u00e0 l&rsquo;aide d&rsquo;un galet bien aiguis\u00e9 et les \u00e9tudes du C.R.E.A.P ou du C.A.I.R.N montrent que la gravure du rocher \u00e0 l&rsquo;aide d&rsquo;une pierre n&rsquo;est ni \u00e9vidente, ni facile et n\u00e9cessite un investissement en temps consid\u00e9rable.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #996600;\"><em>Focusing on petroglyphs requires investigation of engraving techniques with an obvious link to their quality, and may-be their dating.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #996600;\"><em>Many descriptors are used about engravings, tools used and technology; this underlines the trouble of searchers.Generally ,people propose two types of hypothesis: either a quick statement about the empirical use of a stone; or a very complex and unrealistic explanation.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #996600;\"><em>In many cases, it seems that authors\u00a0 never handled a stone an tried some experimental work. Resarch work from CREAP or CAIRN, clearly show that engraving, using stones is not evident, uneasy and time-consuming.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #996600;\"><em>Simple hypothesis are most of the time the most pertinent and, in addition, discussion with actual shepherds appears to be more realistic.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #996600;\"><em>Many published data about engravings don&rsquo;t take care of their size and position.The latter is a key element for their readability and conservation<\/em>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #996600;\"><em>Most of Ubaye&rsquo;s traces are rather small (decimetric to centimetric scale) and accurate; this seems inconsistent with the use of stone tools.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/?attachment_id=490\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-490\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-490\" title=\"P1050242\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/P1050242.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"538\" height=\"404\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/P1050242.jpg 538w, https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/P1050242-399x300.jpg 399w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 538px) 100vw, 538px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong><em> Sur cette roche, coexistent deux styles de piquetage et de marquage: les initiales sont,ou bien s\u00e9par\u00e9es par un point ou s\u00e9par\u00e9es par trois points align\u00e9s verticalement, par ailleurs la juxtaposition\u00a0 et la position font penser \u00e0 un bornage.-Fig 99-<br \/>\n<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Comme toujours, les hypoth\u00e8ses simples sont les plus proches de la r\u00e9alit\u00e9 et par-ailleurs, il n&rsquo;est pas interdit d&rsquo;interroger les bergers-graveurs d&rsquo;aujourd&rsquo;hui pour rapprocher l&rsquo;acad\u00e9mique de la r\u00e9alit\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p>Il est \u00e9galement frappant de constater que les travaux, dits scientifiques ,mentionnent rarement les dimensions des gravures et \u00e0 fortiori leur position (qui conditionne g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement leur lisibilit\u00e9, voire leur conservation&#8230;)la plupart de ces traces sont de dimensions modestes (\u00e9chelle d\u00e9cim\u00e9trique, voire centim\u00e9trique) et leur trac\u00e9 est extr\u00e8mement pr\u00e9cis; cela indique une incompatibilit\u00e9 avec l&rsquo;usage d&rsquo;outils rocheux.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/?attachment_id=532\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-532\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-532\" title=\"2009_10010511\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/2009_10010511.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"470\" height=\"353\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/2009_10010511.jpg 470w, https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/2009_10010511-399x300.jpg 399w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 470px) 100vw, 470px\" \/><\/a>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00ab\u00a0Massil, n\u00e9 le 4 juin 1997-Et\u00e9 97- Son premier \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e0 la montagne\u00a0\u00bb<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Incisions au couteau.Fig -100-<br \/>\n<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/?attachment_id=493\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-493\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-493\" title=\"img_5696B\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/img_5696B.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"456\" height=\"608\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/img_5696B.jpg 456w, https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/img_5696B-225x300.jpg 225w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 456px) 100vw, 456px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00ab\u00a0\u00e9t\u00e9 1999-Massil a encore pass\u00e9 un \u00e9t\u00e9 sur cet alpage\u00a0\u00bb<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Gravures au couteau, restitution en n\u00e9gatif d&rsquo;une photo\u00a0 d&rsquo;un placage de papier japon d\u00e9tremp\u00e9 ,l&rsquo;objectif est d&rsquo;\u00e9valuer avec pr\u00e9cision les dimensions des incisions, (ici, moins de 1mm), mais aussi la texture du support dont l&rsquo;impact esthetique est rarement n\u00e9gligeable.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 -Fig 101-<br \/>\n<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>On pourrait envisager de cr\u00e9er un n\u00e9ologisme flatteur: le \u00ab\u00a0<strong>PETREL<\/strong>\u00a0\u00bb par analogie au \u00ab\u00a0PIXEL\u00a0\u00bb (\u00e9l\u00e9ment de base de l&rsquo;image) qui aurait le m\u00e9rite de prendre en compte la taille, la densit\u00e9 au cm2, la r\u00e9gularit\u00e9 ou non des impacts constitutifs (points ou \u00ab\u00a0dots\u00a0\u00bb) qui renseignent sur l&rsquo;habilet\u00e9 du graveur et l&rsquo;outillage utilis\u00e9.En d&rsquo;autres termes,d\u00e9finir\u00a0 la r\u00e9solution de la gravure consid\u00e9r\u00e9e.Et on disposerait ainsi d&rsquo;un outil objectif de classification des types de gravures .Nous y reviendrons au chapitre des propositions d&rsquo;actions (m\u00e9thodes de relev\u00e9 des gravures)<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #996600;\"><em>One can imagine to create a\u00a0 nice neologism: \u00ab\u00a0PETREL\u00a0\u00bb , close to the well-known \u00ab\u00a0Pixel\u00a0\u00bb; enabling a better description of size,density,quality of \u00ab\u00a0pecks\u00a0\u00bb (dots) , evaluation of the skill of the carver and identification of tools used.In other words define, the resolution of each trace.<br \/>\n<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p>De nombreuses gravures sont d&rsquo;une telle finesse , avec des ponctuations de la taille du millim\u00e8tre qu&rsquo;on ne peut qu&rsquo;envisager l&#8217;emploi d&rsquo;un poin\u00e7on en acier.(un outil banal pour le bourrelier et, peut-\u00eatre aussi pour le berger)<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #996600;\"><em>Many traces are so accurate, exhibiting \u00ab\u00a0pecks\u00a0\u00bb or \u00ab\u00a0petrels\u00a0\u00bb or dots,at millimetric scale that the use of a steel stiletto is probable. (such tool is of common use for the connler and the shepherd)<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/?attachment_id=494\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-494\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-494\" title=\"P1070309\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/P1070309.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"704\" height=\"246\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/P1070309.jpg 704w, https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/P1070309-640x223.jpg 640w, https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/P1070309-500x174.jpg 500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 704px) 100vw, 704px\" \/><\/a><em><strong>\u00ab\u00a0Auguste Capare .5 Aout-FAITEs BIEN EST LAISSER DIRE\u00a0\u00bb<\/strong><br \/>\n<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong> Gravure en micro-piquetage, un exercice de virtuosit\u00e9 dans la r\u00e9alisation des palmes entourant les deux profils (hauteur des profils 45mm).Pr\u00e9sence d&rsquo;un symbole inconnu en tripode.Il s&rsquo;agit d&rsquo;une vue partielle d&rsquo;un linteau fourmillant de d\u00e9tails exub\u00e9rants et parfois oniriques.(voir le chapitre 7-\u00ab\u00a0Gravures des bergers\u00a0\u00bb) Support: marbre rose.-Fig 102-<\/strong><br \/>\n<\/em><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/?attachment_id=496\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-496\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-496\" title=\"P1070308\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/P10703081.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"525\" height=\"394\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/P10703081.jpg 525w, https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/P10703081-399x300.jpg 399w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 525px) 100vw, 525px\" \/><\/a> <strong><em> On observe ici une dizaine de points de piquetage par centim\u00e8tre lin\u00e9aire.-Fig 103-<br \/>\n<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Les gravures inachev\u00e9es constituent une source pr\u00e9cieuse d&rsquo;informations: et montrent sans \u00e9quivoque la pratique de trac\u00e9s pr\u00e9liminaires dont le respect assure la qualit\u00e9, la r\u00e9gularit\u00e9 et renseigne le graveur sur l&rsquo;ad\u00e9quation ou non du support qu&rsquo;il a choisi, en termes d&rsquo;espace et de qualit\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #996600;\"><em>Uncompleted engravings\u00a0 provide useful information and show the initial tracing which allows quality, accuracy of the engraving;and knowledge of the available space and rock-quality.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/?attachment_id=497\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-497\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-497\" title=\"2009_10010507\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/2009_10010507.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"494\" height=\"253\" \/><\/a>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <em> \u00ab\u00a0ADR.\u00a0\u00bb.ien..<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em> (Fig 104) n&rsquo;a pas \u00e9t\u00e9 au bout de son projet: probablement insatisfait par la venue m\u00e9diocre de la trace: successivement dessin\u00e9e, incis\u00e9e, puis \u00e9vas\u00e9e en \u00ab\u00a0V\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0 .Cette \u00e9bauche est a rapprocher de la gravure inachev\u00e9e pr\u00e9sent\u00e9e au chapitre 5- \u00ab\u00a0Un patrimoine fragile\u00a0\u00bb: Gravure \u00ab\u00a0BJ\u00a0\u00bb.(Fig 85)<br \/>\n<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Les outils utilis\u00e9s ou utilisables n&rsquo;ont pas \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e0 ce jour retrouv\u00e9s&#8230; , on peut citer comme plausibles:<\/p>\n<p>-les galets am\u00e9nag\u00e9s, en pierre dure. Ces\u00a0 percuteurs sont extr\u00e8mement impr\u00e9cis, ais\u00e9ment us\u00e9s et meurtriers pour les mains cens\u00e9es les utiliser.<\/p>\n<p>-Le Pic m\u00e9tallique,les burins, rainettes ,poin\u00e7ons et ciseaux \u00e0 pierre (certains de ces outils font partie de l&rsquo;outillage ordinaire du berger)<\/p>\n<p>-Les marteaux, martelettes, et piolets<\/p>\n<p>-Les couteaux<\/p>\n<p>-Les clous forg\u00e9s: toute bergerie n\u00e9cessite l&#8217;emploi de clous forg\u00e9s extr\u00e8mement r\u00e9sistants , pr\u00e9cis et&#8230;maniables<strong>-Fig 105-<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/?attachment_id=498\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-498\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-498\" title=\"P1040112\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/P1040112.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"438\" height=\"329\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/P1040112.jpg 438w, https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/P1040112-399x300.jpg 399w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 438px) 100vw, 438px\" \/><\/a>Cette hypoth\u00e8se prend en compte: L&rsquo;INVENTIVITE RURALE, par r\u00e9f\u00e9rence \u00e0 l&rsquo;<strong>\u00ab\u00a0Invention Rurale<\/strong>\u00a0\u00bb de P.Martel , qui est l&rsquo;art universel et imm\u00e9morial des gens pauvres, de ne rien jeter, d&rsquo;utiliser souvent avec un r\u00e9el g\u00e9nie cr\u00e9atif les moindres ressources.Et, ce, avec en particulier la m\u00e9thode du DETOURNEMENT DE LA FONCTION INITIALE de l&rsquo;objet consid\u00e9r\u00e9 et dans le cadre tr\u00e8s particulier de l&rsquo;IMPROVISATION.<\/p>\n<p>Cette improvisation, d\u00e9value souvent le g\u00e9nie du d\u00e9tournement et se manifeste ici dans le choix hasardeux et fr\u00e9quent de supports de qualit\u00e9 m\u00e9diocre, voire inadapt\u00e9e.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #996600;\"><em>The tools effectively used have not been discoverd to-date;\u00a0 and, hypothetically we can mention:<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><em>&#8211;<span style=\"color: #996600;\">Pebbles. These hammers are inaccurate,easily worn-out, difficult to handle.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #996600;\"><em>-Metal picks,burins,awls,chisels (some of them are of common use by shepherds)<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #996600;\"><em>-Hammers,ice axes.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #996600;\"><em>-Knifes<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #996600;\"><em>-Forged nails: any sheepfold needs the use of these nails which are very strong and easy to use.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #996600;\"><em>This leads to the concept of \u00ab\u00a0RURAL INVENTIVNESS\u00a0\u00bb by reference to the \u00ab\u00a0RURAL INVENTION\u00a0\u00bb of P.MARTEL. This is the universal and immemorial art of poor people to save anything which might be potentially useful ;and find unexpected new-uses for any \u00ab\u00a0saved \u00a0\u00bb tool or good.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #996600;\"><em>This technique of \u00ab\u00a0goods-reconversion\u00a0\u00bb is generally linked to improvisation.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #996600;\"><em>In the case of engravings this improvisation often leads to the choice of inadequate or poor quality slabs.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Par contre, ces graveurs occasionnels semblent savoir optimiser l&rsquo;outil, la technique,la modulation de l&rsquo;effort, en fonction de la qualit\u00e9 du support, en n\u00e9gligeant superbement un \u00e9l\u00e9ment contemporain de gestion ,que personne n&rsquo;ose plus contester: LE TEMPS PASSE. (les \u00e9tudes du CREAP montrent que des dizaines d&rsquo;heures sont n\u00e9cessaires pour r\u00e9aliser une trace simple&#8230;)<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #996600;\"><em>But these opportunist carvers seem able to optimize the choice of tools, their handling,the management of their efforts ; depending on rock characteristics; but with a superb scorn of the necessary time for carving.(CREAP studies clearly show that ,even a simple trace would require more than thirty hours, using stone tools)<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p>La plupart des gravures sont r\u00e9alis\u00e9es avec soin, ce qui les d\u00e9marque du \u00ab\u00a0graffito\u00a0\u00bb usuel et des traces parasites modernes.<br \/>\nBien plus,ces gravures vivent ,avec des reprises, des enrichissements de leur contenu, des am\u00e9liorations techniques au fil des ans.L&rsquo;\u00e9tude de la patine de ces traces est non ambigue et rendue possible par l&#8217;emploi de microscopes de poche , couplables \u00e0 un PC.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #996600;\"><em>\u00a0Most of traces are produced with great care (a major difference with \u00ab\u00a0graffito\u00a0\u00bb)Moreover these traces \u00ab\u00a0live\u00a0\u00bb with\u00a0 revivals, enrichments and technical improvements ..;their patina study is conclusive, providing the use of electronic hand-microscope linked to any PC.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/?attachment_id=515\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-515\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-515\" title=\"P1130260\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/P1130260.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"514\" height=\"224\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/P1130260.jpg 514w, https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/P1130260-500x217.jpg 500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 514px) 100vw, 514px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00ab\u00a0VIVAT.I.R.F.D.I.E. 1799\u00a0\u00bb <\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Incisions (*)reprises par des cupules confluentes d&rsquo;une grande r\u00e9gularit\u00e9 qui \u00e9voquent l&#8217;emploi d&rsquo;une gouge ,plus probablement\u00a0 d&rsquo;une t\u00eate de clou pour l&rsquo;\u00e9vasement.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 En l&rsquo;absence de r\u00e9f\u00e9rentiel connu, la signification est devenue impossible \u00e0 pr\u00e9ciser.Ce type de formulation est fr\u00e9quent chez les Compagnons du Tour de France; son emploi est assez logique en p\u00e9riode R\u00e9volutionnaire, pour laisser sa trace, sans-doute; mais sans risquer d&rsquo;\u00eatre ais\u00e9ment identifi\u00e9.. \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 (*)Le premier chiffre neuf conserve une trace de l&rsquo;incision initiale.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 -Fig 106-<\/strong><br \/>\n<\/em><\/p>\n<p>En conclusion, bien loin des simples \u00ab\u00a0martelages\u00a0\u00bb, les gravures rel\u00e8vent de l&#8217;emploi de trois techniques et de leurs \u00e9ventuelles combinaisons:<\/p>\n<p>-le piquetage<\/p>\n<p>-l&rsquo;incision<\/p>\n<p>-l&rsquo;abrasion,l&rsquo;usure: lin\u00e9aire ou \u00ab\u00a0en cupules\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #996600;\"><em>Far from \u00ab\u00a0hammerings\u00a0\u00bb, these traces are produced by three main techniques and eventually, their combination:<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #996600;\"><em>-dotting-pecking<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #996600;\"><em>-incision<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #996600;\"><em>-abrasion: either linear abrasion or \u00ab\u00a0cups\u00a0\u00bb<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/?attachment_id=502\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-502\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-502\" title=\"img_5790\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/img_5790.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"448\" height=\"238\" \/><\/a><em><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00ab\u00a0C + C\u00a0\u00bb<\/strong> <\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u00a0Piquetage de qualit\u00e9 moyenne, bien que les \u00ab\u00a0petrels\u00a0\u00bb soient d&rsquo;une bonne r\u00e9gularit\u00e9.-Fig 107-<br \/>\n<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/?attachment_id=510\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-510\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-510\" title=\"P1120888B\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/P1120888B.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"493\" height=\"386\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/P1120888B.jpg 493w, https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/P1120888B-383x300.jpg 383w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 493px) 100vw, 493px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong><em> Burinage ,rendu en fausses couleurs, d&rsquo;une maladresse toute relative car il est r\u00e9alis\u00e9 sur un support \u00e0 l&rsquo;arrondi tr\u00e8s accus\u00e9; et \u00e0 d\u00e9faut d&rsquo;\u00eatre la lettre \u00ab\u00a0P\u00a0\u00bb il semble appartenir \u00e0 une marelle partiellement d\u00e9truite. La profondeur de la gravure rend l&rsquo;hypoth\u00e8se de son ex\u00e9cution \u00e0 l&rsquo;aide d&rsquo;une pierre dure assez douteuse.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 -Fig 108-<br \/>\n<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/?attachment_id=501\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-501\"><em><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-511\" title=\"P1120858\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/P1120858.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"498\" height=\"374\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/P1120858.jpg 498w, https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/P1120858-399x300.jpg 399w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 498px) 100vw, 498px\" \/><\/em><\/a><strong><em>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00ab\u00a0J P\u00a0\u00bb <\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Exemple d&rsquo;une r\u00e9alisation au ciseau plat.-Fig 109-<br \/>\n<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/?attachment_id=501\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-501\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-501\" title=\"2009_10010513\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/2009_10010513.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"463\" height=\"347\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/2009_10010513.jpg 463w, https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/2009_10010513-400x300.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 463px) 100vw, 463px\" \/><\/a><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em> D\u00e9tail d&rsquo;une des gravures au couteau de la s\u00e9rie \u00ab\u00a0Massil\u00a0\u00bb. son auteur a parfaitement su utiliser les caract\u00e9ristiques particuli\u00e8res de la roche dont la texture rappelle celle de la st\u00e9atite .-Fig 110-<br \/>\n<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/?attachment_id=503\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-503\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-503\" title=\"P1070627B\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/P1070627B.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"450\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/P1070627B.jpg 450w, https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/P1070627B-225x300.jpg 225w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 450px) 100vw, 450px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/?attachment_id=504\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-504\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-504\" title=\"P1070627\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/P1070627.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"450\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/P1070627.jpg 450w, https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/P1070627-225x300.jpg 225w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 450px) 100vw, 450px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong><em> Deux vues de la \u00ab\u00a0Berg\u00e8re Elisa\u00a0\u00bb&#8230;les cheveux font approximativement 8mm de longueur et l&rsquo;\u00e9vasement des lignes initiales en \u00ab\u00a0U\u00a0\u00bb a \u00e9t\u00e9 r\u00e9alis\u00e9 avec une exquise pr\u00e9cision. Le second document en n\u00e9gatif et fausses couleurs montre la vuln\u00e9rabilit\u00e9 de cette trace.-Fig 111-112-<br \/>\n<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/?attachment_id=512\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-512\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-512\" title=\"2009_16510219B\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/2009_16510219B.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"484\" height=\"363\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/2009_16510219B.jpg 484w, https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/2009_16510219B-400x300.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 484px) 100vw, 484px\" \/><\/a><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00ab\u00a0J P 1767\u00a0\u00bb<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Ce document ,restitu\u00e9 en n\u00e9gatif ,illustre la maitrise des techniques de tra\u00e7age: la r\u00e9alisation de cursives est\u00a0 difficile et ce style de traces est moins r\u00e9pandu , la finition (\u00e9vasement) des trac\u00e9s est maitris\u00e9e.Hauteur des lettres 22mm.-Fig 113-<br \/>\n<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/?attachment_id=518\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-518\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-518\" title=\"P1050066\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/P1050066.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"516\" height=\"304\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/P1050066.jpg 516w, https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/P1050066-500x294.jpg 500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 516px) 100vw, 516px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong><em> D\u00e9tail des cupules constituant la t\u00eate de \u00ab\u00a0l&rsquo;\u00e9l\u00e9phant\u00a0\u00bb: trompe et d\u00e9fenses, (voir le Chapitre \u00ab\u00a0Originalit\u00e9 de patrimoine Ubayen)(Fig47) leur r\u00e9gularit\u00e9 et leur espacement sont remarquables.(diam\u00e8tre des cupules 6mm)-restitution en fausses couleurs\u00a0 -Fig 114-<br \/>\n<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/?attachment_id=506\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-506\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-506\" title=\"P1120877\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/P1120877.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"457\" height=\"290\" \/><\/a> <strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00ab\u00a0Cogordan 1927\u00a0\u00bb <\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Utilisation de cupules juxtapos\u00e9es.-Fig 115-<br \/>\n<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/?attachment_id=505\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-505\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-505\" title=\"P1180259\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/P1180259.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"450\" height=\"249\" \/><\/a>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <strong><em> \u00ab\u00a0ANDRE Jean\u00a0\u00bb<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Marquage cupuliforme sur enduit en ciment.-Fig 116-<br \/>\n<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Fig 117- Le \u00ab\u00a0Mange Mian\u00a0\u00bb: marelles, piquetages et cupules \u00e9chappe \u00e0 l&rsquo;analyse et a pu \u00eatre\u00a0 enjoliv\u00e9 \u00e0 diverses reprises.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/6-techniques-de-gravure\/ub6-0014\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-707\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-707\" title=\"UB6-0014\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/UB6-0014.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"450\" height=\"669\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/UB6-0014.jpeg 450w, https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/UB6-0014-430x640.jpg 430w, https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/UB6-0014-201x300.jpg 201w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 450px) 100vw, 450px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/?attachment_id=500\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-500\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-500\" title=\"2009_10010510\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/2009_10010510.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"482\" height=\"162\" \/><\/a>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <strong><em>\u00ab\u00a0ENZO\u00a0\u00bb <\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Fig 118-Evasement mixte: cupules confluentes et abrasion. La r\u00e9alisation d&rsquo;un enjolivement \u00e0 la mani\u00e8re d&rsquo;une lettrine n&rsquo;est pas \u00a0 rare.\u00a0 On notera le recours tr\u00e8s inhabituel\u00a0 (\u00e0 droite) \u00e0 un effet de ligation et de miroir: \u00ab\u00a0OZNE\u00a0\u00bb ..;les trac\u00e9s invers\u00e9s du N et du Z sont incorrects.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/?attachment_id=499\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-499\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-499\" title=\"P1180281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/P1180281.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"481\" height=\"361\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/P1180281.jpg 481w, https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/P1180281-399x300.jpg 399w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 481px) 100vw, 481px\" \/><\/a><strong><em>D\u00e9tail de la gravure:\u00a0\u00bbVis de telle sorte que si la mort te surprend, elle te trouve toujours pr\u00eat\u00a0\u00bb. Technique mixte: incision, cupules, abrasion.Largeur du trait 2,5 \u00e0 3mm-Fig 119-<br \/>\n<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Dans la filiation technique, il faut noter les incisions et cupules r\u00e9alis\u00e9es sur le bois des portes , des tables et des linteaux avec un outil \u00e9vident : le couteau, voire le poin\u00e7on.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #996600;\"><em>Technologically related are traces on wooden parts of doors, tables and lintels; using and evident tool: the knife and also the style.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><em> Portes de bergerie: La fantasia des traces\u00a0 constitue une sorte d&rsquo;annuaire local.\u00a0\u00a0 -Fig 120 A et B-<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/?attachment_id=531\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-531\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-531\" title=\"2009_10010464\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/2009_10010464.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"494\" height=\"371\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/2009_10010464.jpg 494w, https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/2009_10010464-399x300.jpg 399w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 494px) 100vw, 494px\" \/><\/a><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/6-techniques-de-gravure\/p1070211\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-643\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-643\" title=\"P1070211\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/P1070211.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"456\" height=\"608\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/P1070211.jpg 456w, https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/P1070211-225x300.jpg 225w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 456px) 100vw, 456px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/?attachment_id=507\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-507\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-507\" title=\"P1170925\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/P1170925.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"464\" height=\"691\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/P1170925.jpg 464w, https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/P1170925-429x640.jpg 429w, https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/P1170925-201x300.jpg 201w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 464px) 100vw, 464px\" \/><\/a><\/em> <strong><em>Cupules sur une porte en bois.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 -On passe ici de l&rsquo;art de la communication \u00e0 l&rsquo;art pour l&rsquo;art&#8230;\u00a0 -Fig 121-<br \/>\n<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Les bergers-graveurs d&rsquo;aujourd&rsquo;hui utilisent leur couteau, en t\u00e9moigne cet outil qui a perdu les deux-tiers de sa longueur \u00e0 l&rsquo;usage et qui continue \u00e0 \u00eatre utilisable (2011): un exemple de non-gaspillage pour une marque connue dont la devise<strong> (Fig 122)<\/strong> est :<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00ab\u00a0La main couronn\u00e9e&#8230;\u00a0\u00bb<br \/>\n<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #996600;\"><em>To-day&rsquo;s shepherds use their knife for carving; this document (2011) exhibits a tool with 2\/3 length loss due to stone-carving. An example of non-wasting philosophy for a tool which motto is \u00a0\u00bb <strong>the crown above the hand\u00a0\u00bb&#8230;<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/?attachment_id=513\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-513\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-513\" title=\"P1050433\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/P1050433.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"488\" height=\"366\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/P1050433.jpg 488w, https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/P1050433-400x300.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 488px) 100vw, 488px\" \/><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/7-bergers-en-ubaye\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-127\" title=\"next\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/06\/next-1501.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"150\" height=\"67\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Lorsqu&rsquo;on s&rsquo;int\u00e9resse aux gravures rupestres, il est impossible d&rsquo;\u00e9luder la question des techniques de gravure, qui conditionne leur qualit\u00e9, et \u00e9ventuellement leur datation. Il y a un r\u00e9el embarras qui se traduit par une floraison de termes, de noms d&rsquo;outils &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/6-techniques-de-gravure\/\">Continuer la lecture <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-540","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/540","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=540"}],"version-history":[{"count":56,"href":"https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/540\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1390,"href":"https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/540\/revisions\/1390"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ubaye-rupestre.fr\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=540"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}